In your Spanish annual tax return (Renta), you can claim deductions such as donations to NGOs, contributions to pension plans, maternity, large family status, energy-efficiency home improvements, or the purchase of an electric vehicle — plus regional deductions like rental assistance for young people or educational expenses, depending on where you live.
These fall into two categories:
National deductions, which apply to all taxpayers in Spain regardless of region. See the full list and requirements in our FAQ on General Personal Income Tax Deductions.
Regional deductions, approved by each Autonomous Community based on your official place of residence, typically linked to family circumstances or housing. Check what applies in your region in our FAQ on Personal and Family Information.
Note that these are different from your business expenses as an autónomo (gastos deducibles), which reduce your taxable income throughout the year — see our guide on deductible expenses.