Once all income and deductible expenses have been included, and the net income has therefore been determined, the Tax Agency classifies this income into two main groups that are taxed differently: the general taxable base and the savings taxable base.
General taxable base
This includes income from employment, economic activities, real estate capital, and certain capital gains or losses not derived from transfers. A progressive scale is applied to this base, combining a state portion and a regional portion (the latter varies depending on the autonomous community). As a general guideline, the combined rate usually ranges between 19% and 47%, increasing as income rises.
Savings taxable base
This includes income from movable capital (such as interest or dividends) and capital gains or losses derived from transfers (for example, the sale of shares, real estate, or cryptocurrencies). It is taxed using a specific cumulative scale
Base savings bracket (€) | Applicable type |
Up to €6,000 | 19% |
6.000 € – 50.000 € | 21% |
50.000 € – 200.000 € | 23% |
200.000 € – 300.000 € | 27% |
More than €300,000 | 28% |
Note: Tax rates may change each year depending on new regulations approved by the Tax Agency or the autonomous communities. We recommend always checking that the rates applied correspond to those in effect for the fiscal year you are declaring.
Final calculation
The sum of the amounts resulting from each taxable base is subject to the corresponding state and regional deductions (for family, maternity, donations, etc.). Payments already made throughout the year (such as payroll withholdings or quarterly payments via Modelo 130 for self-employed workers) are also subtracted.
If the total amount paid during the year exceeds the final tax liability, the return will result in a refund; if it is lower, it will result in an amount due.