When is my first Social Security (autónomo quota) payment charged?

Your first autónomo contribution (cuota) is charged by direct debit on the last working day of the month, prorated to the days you were actually registered — you don't pay the full month.

If you registered before the 15th of the month, Social Security charges the proportional part that same month. If you registered after the 15th, the proportional part is charged on the last working day of the following month, together with that month's full contribution — so your first charge may cover two periods. From then on, your cuota is charged on the last working day of every month, from the bank account you provided when registering as autónomo.

Make sure you have sufficient funds by then: if the charge fails, you'll need to pay outside the normal window, and a surcharge applies.

You can check the banks accepted by Social Security for direct debit here: Which bank can you use for the payment of the monthly fee?